Pelvic Floor Glossary

  • Biofeedback

    A technique that uses external and/or internal sensors to visually and audibly show you how your pelvic floor muscles are working. It helps you learn to better control these muscles, and can be targeted for both strengthening and relaxation purposes. 

  • Bowel Dysfunction

    Difficulty with bowel movements, such as constipation, straining, or feeling like you can’t fully empty. It can be related to how well your pelvic floor muscles are working.

  • Constipation

    Having infrequent, hard, or painful bowel movements. It can be caused or made worse by pelvic floor muscle tension or poor coordination.

  • Core

    The collective group of muscles in your abdomen, lower back, hips, and pelvis that work together to support your spine and help with balance, posture, and performing daily movement. A strong core is essential for daily activities and overall stability.

  • Cupping

    A therapy involving suction cups placed on the skin to increase blood flow and change tissue, fascial, and muscle tension. This technique follows muscle fiber fascial anatomy, and is provided with active movement and followed up by loading exercises. 

  • Diaphragmatic Breathing

    A deep breathing technique that engages your diaphragm—the muscle beneath your lungs that helps you breathe fully. It can calm the nervous system and improve how your core and pelvic floor muscles coordinate and function together.

  • Diastasis Recti

    A thinning and/or widening of the rectus abdominis muscle, which occurs along the midline. This can often occur during or after pregnancy, or from repeated heavy lifting. It can lead to a bulge in the belly when attempting to use your core muscles, and can affect core strength and overall function. 

  • Dilator/Pelvic Wand

    A tool used to gently stretch and relax the pelvic floor muscles. Dilators can help with pain during penetration or exams, while wands are often used for internal massage and trigger point release as part of pelvic floor therapy.

  • Dry Needling

     A technique where thin needles are inserted into trigger points (knots) in muscles to relieve pain and improve function.

  • Dyspareunia

    Pain experienced during or after sexual intercourse. It can result from tight pelvic muscles, scar tissue, or other pelvic floor issues

  • Erectile Dysfunction (ED)

    The consistent inability to get or keep an erection firm enough for sexual activity. It can result from various causes, including pelvic floor muscle issues, nerve damage, or surgeries like a radical prostatectomy.

  • Gait and Posture Analysis

    An assessment of walking patterns and body alignment to identify issues affecting the pelvic floor and overall function.

  • Gender-Affirming Care

    A respectful, supportive approach to healthcare that recognizes and affirms a person’s gender identity. This includes using correct names and pronouns, understanding unique health needs, and creating a safe, inclusive environment.

  • Incontinence (Stress & Urge)

    Involuntary leakage of urine. Stress incontinence happens during activities like coughing, sneezing, bending, or exercising. Urge incontinence is a sudden, intense need to urinate.

  • LGBTQIA+

    An inclusive term that stands for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer or Questioning, Intersex, Asexual, and other diverse sexual orientations and gender identities. It reflects a broad spectrum of people whose identities fall outside of cisgender and heterosexual norms.

  • Manual Therapy

    Hands-on techniques used by therapists to mobilize joints and soft tissues, aiming to reduce pain and improve mobility.

  • Massage

    The manipulation of muscles and soft tissues to alleviate tension, improve circulation, and promote relaxation.

  • Myofascial Release

    A gentle, sustained pressure technique targeting the fascia (connective tissue) to relieve pain and restore movement.

  • Out-of-Network / Cash-Pay Model

    A type of clinic payment setup where the provider doesn’t bill your insurance directly. Instead, you pay the clinic up front (cash, card, or HSA/FSA), and you may be able to get reimbursed later through your insurance if you have out-of-network benefits.

  • Pelvic Floor Dysfunction

    When pelvic muscles are too tight, weak, and/or uncoordinated, leading to issues such as pain, incontinence, or difficulty with bowel movements.

  • Pelvic Floor Muscle Training (PFMT)

    Structured exercises that help you learn to properly relax and strengthen your pelvic floor muscles. These are often used to treat issues like leakage, prolapse, or pain.

  • Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy (PFPT)

    A specialized therapy focusing on strengthening and relaxing pelvic floor muscles to address issues like incontinence, pain, and prolapse.

  • Pelvic Organ Prolapse

    When one or more pelvic organs (like the bladder, uterus, or rectum) drop from their usual position and press into the vaginal wall. This can happen when the pelvic floor muscles and tissues get weaker, often due to childbirth, aging, or pressure in the belly.

  • Pelvic Pain

    Discomfort in the lower abdomen or pelvic region, which can stem from muscle tension, injury, or other pelvic floor disorders.

  • Perineal Massage

    A technique that involves gently stretching the perineum (the area between the vagina and anus) to help prepare for childbirth. Research shows it can lower the risk of tearing during labor and delivery.

  • Pessary

    A small, soft device placed inside the vagina to support the vaginal walls and the pelvic organs that sit above. It’s often used to help manage symptoms of prolapse or incontinence and can be a non-surgical option for relief and support during daily activities.

  • Postpartum Recovery

    The healing and strengthening process after childbirth, focusing on restoring pelvic floor and core muscle function. This period of physical and mental changes can extend well beyond the initial weeks, often lasting months or even years after childbirth.

  • Prostatectomy

    A surgical procedure to remove all or part of the prostate gland, often due to cancer. It can affect bladder control, sexual function, and pelvic floor muscle strength, so pelvic floor therapy is often part of recovery.

  • Specialized Exercise Prescription

    Customized exercises designed to strengthen or relax specific muscles, tailored to your individual needs and condition. This often includes a Home Exercise Program, a set of exercises you do on your own between visits to support your progress and recovery.

  • Superbill

    A detailed receipt given to you after your visit that includes the necessary medical codes and information for you to submit to your insurance for possible reimbursement.

  • Tailbone Pain (Coccydynia)

    Pain at the base of the spine, which can be caused by injury, prolonged sitting, childbirth, or muscle tension around the tailbone.

  • Transgender

    A term for someone whose gender identity is different from the sex they were assigned at birth (based on their genitals). Transgender people may or may not choose to medically or socially transition. Since gender identity isn’t always outwardly visible, sharing pronouns helps reduce assumptions and supports an inclusive, respectful environment.

  • Trauma-Informed Care

    A specific approach to treatment that recognizes the impact of past trauma and prioritizes emotional and physical safety. It means your clinician asks for consent before any hands-on work, explains what to expect, and works with you at your pace to build trust and make sure you feel respected, supported, and in control throughout your care.

  • Trigger Point Therapy

    Involuntary tightening of vaginal muscles, making penetration painful or impossible. It's often linked to pelvic floor muscle issues.